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Activated Sludge Extended Air process is designed for 12 to 24 hours hydraulic retention time (HRT). The MBBR needs only 2 to 3 hours HRT to achieve the same level of nitrification due to higher concentration of mature bio mass. Shorter HRT significantly reduces tank volume for processing.

Typical biomass levels in activated sludge plants are between 2500 mg/l to 3500 mg/l of suspended solids. Typical equivalent biomass in an MBBR is more than 6000 mg/l of attached growth. Increased mass allows for the use of a smaller reactor.


With the HIT System retrofit above, two retrofited clarifier reactors (A) can treat as much as five reactors of a traditional AS system (B). This treatment includes the addition of denitrification.